Friday, May 31, 2019

Preventing Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Essay examples -- Preven

The Los Angeles Times recently ran survey results that found that four out of five teenagers post sex harassment at school. One in ten students said that he/she had been forced to commit a inner act during school hours. The surveyors severalise that the findings provide evidence that sexual harassment in schools has reached epidemic proportions. Employment training programs now ten years after the sexual harassment inhibition and the well-publicized Thomas hearings begin with myths and facts about sexual harassment or pre-tests on knowledge of the prohibitions against the activity. These tests smooth come up with true for the answers to myths like, Women working in a predominantly male job should expect to live with rough language and dirty jokes or Only certain kinds of men harass women workers. energiseual harassment, a form of sex discrimination violates the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment to the U. S. Constitution, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1 972, and in the employment context Title septet of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 as amended in 1991.Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature constitutes sexual harassment when submission to or rejection of this conduct explicitly or implicitly affects an individuals employment or education, unreasonably interferes with an individuals work or educational performance, or creates an intimidating, hostile or offensive work or educational environment. Sexual harassment can occur in a variety of circumstances. The victim as well as the harasser may be a woman or a man. The victim does not have to be of the other sex. The victim could be anyone affected by the offensive conduct. ... ...vention and claims defense. A program to eliminate sexual harassment from the workplace is not only required by law, but it is the most practical way to avoid or limit damages if harassment should occur despite all preventative effo rts. Unfortunately, Boys will still be boys and girls too.Bibliographyhttp//www.dfeh.ca.gov/sexualHarTypical.htmhttp//www.dfeh.ca.gov/employerObligations.htmwww.eeoc.gov/laws/vii.htmlwww.dfeh.ca.govKing & Barlow, Sexual Harassment When a Quick Response May Not Be Prevention Enough, 1999Brower & Associates, Sexual Harassment Prevention Training, 1999Parham & Rajcic, Sex and Power in the Schools, 1996Liebert, Cassidy & Frierson, Finding the Facts Harassment InvestigationsSchool Policy Legal Insider, April 1999Equal Opportunity Commission Policy Guidance on Sexual Harassment, 1990

Thursday, May 30, 2019

Walt Whitmans Song of Myself Essay -- Song of Myself Essays

Walt Whitmans Song of MyselfWalt Whitmans Song of Myself is, on the most basic descriptive level, a genuinely long poem. Whitman is clearly a poet with a lot to say, or at least with a lot of different ways to say it. He meanders from the micro to the macro, from atoms to the whole earth. There are obviously myriad ways to explain what the poem is about, and myriad keys to its true meaning. In what became Section 6 of the final sport (lines 90-121 of the 1855 edition ) Whitman himself addresses this sort of meta-question of interpretation. By doing so in one of the quieter, more straightforward variances of the poem, Whitman invites us to use the section as one such key. In Section 6, Whitman lays out a (possible) microcosm of Song of Myself and gives a very kind prompt that here is a place where befuddled readers can ease their way into the poem. Whitman signals from the number 1 of this passage that it is more accessible than most of his others. The first line tel ls us simply of a question asked by a barbarian ?A child said, What is the grass? fetching it to me with generous hands?? (90). In contrast to some of the earlier lines--the challenge of line 22 (?Have you reckoned a thousand acres much? Have you reckoned the earth much??) or the confusion of lines 30-31 (?I have heard what the talkers were talking?.the talk of the beginning and the end,/ however I do not talk of the beginning and the end?.?) --this information is easy to process. We are likely to pause and enjoy the refreshing image of an inquisitive child, hands full of grass. Although Whitman goes on to catalogue all kinds of similar brief, simple sketches, for the moment we only have to deal with one. This single child is a messenge... ... (as determined by the 1891-1892 edition). Whitman?s answer to the question he posed to us earlier is now just what we might expect. ?They are alive and well somewhere/The smallest sprout shows at that place is really no death? he tells us (116). This seems almost to say ?Good job?you followed my clues correctly, you too can read poetry.? By setting this section up, Whitman gives us one of his main themes that we can proceed to follow through this poem. At the same time, he shows us that one poem can be about many different ideas, and so cautions us against being too adamant about our newly break ined lens. His multitude of ?uttering tongues? can be confusing, but he does not leave us stranded?he gives us a map that shows one way to navigate this poem, and also the freedom to discover others at will. Works CitedWhitman, Walt. Song of Myself. 14 Nov 2006 .

News Summary and Reaction :: Summary and Response

News Summary and ReactionASTRONOMYA New Black HoleScientific American conclusion that the heavens house a previously obscure type of black hole was reported by scientists yesterday. Data from NASAs Chandra X-Ray Observatory revealed a hole was some 600 light-years from the center of the starburst galaxy M82. The brightness of the x-ray source indicates that this moon-size hole has the mass of at least 500 suns, making it intermediate amongst stellar black holes and the supermassive black holes found at the centers of galaxies. This opens a whole newfangled field of research, said Martin Ward, a lead author on peerless of three papers to be published on the subject. No one was sure that such black holes existed, especially outside the centers of galaxies.Earlier data from the roentgen Satellite and the Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics had suggested that M82 might contain a large black hole outside its nucleus, but the Chandra results seal the deal. The new tende ncy might have resulted from the collapse of a hyperstar or the growth of a smaller black hole done mergers with others nearby. --Kate Wong SummaryA new un dwelln type of black hole was discovered on September 12, 2000. It was found to be 600 light-years of the Starburst Galaxy M82. An x-ray source indicates that the moon-size black hole has the mass of at least 500 suns, making it intermediate between stellar black holes and the supermassive black holes found at the center of galaxies (Scientific America, 1). Scientists were shocked at this discovery, for they didnt know that these types of black holes existed. Scientists believe this black hole may have been due(p) to a collapsed hyperstar or the growth of a smaller black hole through mergers with others nearby.ReactionI find this so very fascinating because I can not even fathom how space and galaxies exist. With newer and faster technology, come new discoveries, and I think its great that we have the chance to explore a whole new frontier unlike the one we live on. I am in awe of what is possible today through the means of such a technologically advanced society. To know that people are subject to leave our earth completely, in search of bigger and better things, utterly blows my mind.The FutureThrough our discoveries we uncover more and are able to advance due to the information that we accumulate. Our work and discoveries lead to new inventions, which in turn change our lifestyle.

Wednesday, May 29, 2019

Intelligence is Key Essay examples -- Art, Celtic Literature

Celtic literature features a full complement of female characters that deserve recognition from warriors and rulers, to helpmates and daughters. Female characters, like their male counterparts, are often motivated by emotion. The Morrgan and macha, act out of anger, disrupting a hero or cursing generations to come. Others such as Famnach, act out of jealousy, causing a chain of events to unfold. However, the women who incite or prompt action due to their intelligence or wit Rhiannon, Emer, Medb, Nes, and macintosh Daa Thos Wife are arguably the most complex and intriguing. Rhiannon purposefully, and with thought, gains the attention of the King Pywll and uses him to avoid an unwanted marriage. Rhiannon appears to King Pywll and his retainers halfway through sleeve one of The Mabigoni, on three consecutive days, riding a horse that even-paced cannot be caught. On the third day, Pwyll himself rides after her, only able to catch up after requesting her to wait. They begin conver sing, and in a single exchange Rhiannon both declares love for Pwyll, and announces her engagement to another. She temps him I have never desired any man, and that because of pleasing you, then announces her unavailability (Pwyll, 45). Rhiannon essentially ensnares Pwyll, allying herself with him and ensuring he will go against her current suitor, Gwawl son of Clud. This strong female character even directs Pwylls actions in attaining her hand. When her spring suitor arrives at her wedding, Pywll rashly promises anything he wants, not knowing the mans identity. Rhiannon rebukes Pwyll Never has a man been more feeble-witted than you, then lays out three-part end to ensure that Gwawl shall never attain her (Ford, 46). This intelligent woman ... ...ces that Sleeplessness has come to Macc Da Ths house/ He has need of advice but speaks to no one (Gantz, 181). She suggests that her mind may comprehend what his cannot, and he tells her his blunder, that he promised the hound to two. S he suggests that he give the dog to both sides- and let them fight over it, (Gantz, 181). This would keep back one party from picking up the hound, and then the other party arriving and attacking him in anger. Though her plan does not go as hoped, she does wish a solution, and protects her husband from blame (the two parties are too engrossed with each other). Celtic mythology features a full complement of women who play an important role. Rhiannon, Emer, Medb, Nes, and Mac Daa Thos Wife use their intelligence to help further themselves, to enable those they love, or to protect. They create kings, heroes and alliances.

The Great Gatsby Film Essay -- omnipotent feelings, classic novel

Class distinctions often determine actions. People who believe themselves as better than others will strive to garner, or nevertheless just associate themselves with, wealth in order to feel omnipotent. Through the classic novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, film Washington Square, based reach the novel by Henry James and cover of the October 12th, 2009 issue of The New Yorker, the authors show that money will result in perversion. Because some people fuddle delusions of superiority, they are more likely to be corrupted by money as its power appeals to them. It is only those who are humble and do not rely the power money bestows who can remain uncorrupted.Tom Buchanan, Doctor Sloper, and the woman from the cartoon all boast their superiority over others. Tom, a man of previous(a) money (family wealth), owns a lieu that indicates his status to all who pass by. Described as a Georgian Colonial mansion overlooking the bay (11), the home is located in East Egg, the more fashionable place where White Palaces... glittered along the water (10). Nick even custodytions that Tom is one of the few men of his generation who was rich enough to own a string of polo ponies (10). Tom, along with being ostentatious, uses force to assert his power over those who are not flush like him. This is foreshadowed from the beginning of the novel when he asks Nick if he read The Rise of the Coloured Empires. The title alone indicates that it is a novel that only a power-hungry and egotistical man would read. Even his wife refers to his as a brute of a man (16). However the reader does not get a full-strength feel for his barbarity until the great fight in his apartment. The small New York City loft located on 158th street serves as a run across place for Tom and... ...iman goes to formals with the family, dresses in extravagant dresses, and interferes with Catherines life. When Catherine is away, Mrs. Penniman tries to transform Mr. Townsend into her perfect man, ra ther than Catherines. As a result, she corrupts him with money by helping him find a high-paid job and letting him live the high life while the Slopers are in Europe. When Catherine confronts her, she replies, I thought of him as my own my own son (12940). Work Cited Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York Scribner, 2013. Print.

Monday, May 27, 2019

Playing Roller Hockey Essay -- Personal Narrative Sports Athletics Ess

Playing Roller Hockey Throughout my lifetime, many different goals have been set and achieved, but the most operative goal I accomplished was making the Foothill Grizzlies hockey team. Playing hockey, by far, is one of my favorite things to do. Whether I am playing for fun in a pickup game or against a top team in the evidence, hockey is what I love to do. The Foothill Grizzlies were a roller hockey team that was organise when I was about the age of 13. I had ensured many good things about the team, which at the time was one of the most respected teams in the state of California. Coached by a man named Jon Adimack, the team had won most of the tournaments and leagues they entered in. Hearing about this team and the consistency of its players, I was shocked to hear they were hosting tryouts. I jumped on the opportunity, because the leagues I had been in were not the most competitive. I was looking for a chance to step my game up and play for a traveling tou rnament team. When I showed up for the tryouts, I was amazed at the way the players knew one another. The guys had been playing for a long time together, so the communication on and dark of the rink was outstanding. Not only were they teammates, but they were also best booster units. Seeing all of these things, I was a little skeptical to tryout, because I was intimidated. Finally, me and my best friend Mike got on the rink and began to skate. When the drills started, I was excited because I was feeling very comfortable. I did all of the workouts and ran the drills as best I could, and was excited to hear what the coach thought of me and my buddy. The coach thought we did very good and asked us to join the team. We showed the coach exactly wha... ...thought I would play such competitive hockey, because everything in advance it was local leagues. Joining this traveling team was amazing because I matured over the four years emotionally and physically. My game had never been better than when I played for the Grizzlies, as I was in my prime. Achieving the goal of making the team was outstanding on its own, but winning a championship of that caliber was to a greater extent than I could ask for. I was able to have the best time of my life while playing with this team, but unfortunately, the team folded. We were all growing up and had to take time off for school, so the team gradually separated. These were the greatest times in my life and the greatest achievement also. Never will there be something that made me feel so good, and although I dont speak to any of them, they made up the greatest experiences of my life for four years.

Sunday, May 26, 2019

Animal Farm Essay

In the novel Animal Farm, might is what destroys the acquire in the end. Although cause can be used for good, it can also be used for evil when too much is given. The quote Power tends to corrupt, and arrogant power corrupts absolutely (Lord Acton) is portrayed in this view as.In the beginning of the novel, Old study uses his power over the animals to carry through his plan of the Rebellion. It could be argued that the vogue he was using his power was for the good of the farm, but he took advantage of his status at the farm and used it to persuade them into doing what he wanted. Old Major (so he was of all time called, though the name under which he had been exhibited was Willingdon Beauty) was so highly regarded on the farm that everyone was quite ready to lose an hours sleep in order to hear what he had to joint (Orwell 25). This was the beginning of the use of power.After Old Major had died, the power had been passed along to the other pigs Napoleon, increase and Squeale r. This is when we start to see the power turning into evil. In the beginning they wanted to make it a truly equal society and they did this by making the seven-spot Commandments one including All animals are equal. But throughout the book, we see that the pigs become the leaders, which therefore means that everyone is not equal. The pigs naturally have the power because of their intellect. The pigs did not actually work, but directed and supervised others. With their superior knowledge it was natural that they should assume the leadership (Orwell 45). The pigs use their superior knowledge and their power to persuade and convince the other animals of whatever they wanted them to think or do. They would change the commandments to whatever suited them, and the other animals would just follow along because Napoleon is always right. The pigs would twist their own words, comparable voluntary, to make them think they had freedom. This work was strictly voluntary, but any animal who abs ented himself from it would have his rations reduced by one-half (Orwell 73).Wherever there is power, there is always conflict. Napoleon and Snowball were both in power, but Napoleon wanted it all for himself so he got release ofSnowball with his dogs. After this everything got worse. Napoleon had all the power to himself, which made him greedy and evil. There was food shortages and hard labour for everyone but the pigs. The pigs had special treatment same living in the farmhouse and sleeping in beds. It was absolutely necessary, he said, that the pigs, who were the brains of the farm, should have a quiet place to work in (Orwell 79). The pigs used their power for these benefits. finally Napoleon was elected president. He used his power to make the animals think they were voting, but really there was only one candidate.At the end of the book we find out that all of the hard work put into the Rebellion and into acheting rid of the humans to make the animals lives better, was all a waste of time. The power got to the pigs heads and made them turn the farm into something even worse than it was before. The pigs had turned into exactly what they were fighting to get rid of. The abuse of power is what made the pigs become like humans. Twelve voices were shouting in anger, and they were all alike. No question, now, what had happened to the faces of the pigs. The creatures outside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man again but already it was impossible to say which was which (Orwell 139).Power can mean many different things. In Animal Farm, power was abused and was used for evil. It was used to take control over others, and to take away their freedom. This novel proves that equality in a society is impossible to achieve. The need to have and to gain power will always get in the way of being a truly equal society.

Saturday, May 25, 2019

American Literature Summer Reading List Essay

The following list was complied from the recommendations of the Belmont High School English department and contains some of the best-known works of American literature. Each book addresses the American dreaming and/or American identities. All move into 11th graders must read at least one book from the list below over the summer. Students entering English 11 Honors must read at least one contemporary AND one classic work from the list. The American Literature Summer breeding page on your Edline account provides summaries of the works listed below it will be available until July 15th.We encourage all students to preview a book before making a choice in order to determine that the writing style and narrative voice will be a good fit. Please confer with your 10th grade teacher if you need help finding a book that is a good match for you. Author Book Joan Didion Joan Didion W. E. B. Du Bois Booker T. chapiter The White Album Essays Slouching Toward Bethlehem Essays The Souls of black amoor Folk Up from Slavery Fear and Loathing in Las VegasA Savage Journey to the Heart of the American breathing in The Dharma Bums On the Road Hunter S. Thompson Jack Kerouac Jack Kerouac Malcolm X and Alex Haley Tom Wolfe Alex Haley Ayn RandAyn Rand Bernard Malamud E. L. Doctorow Edith Wharton Edith Wharton F. Scott Fitzgerald F.Scott Fitzgerald Herman Melville James Baldwin James Weldon anticson The Autobiography of Malcolm X The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test root The Fountainhead Atlas Shrugged The Natural Ragtime The Age of Innocence The House of Mirth Tender is the Night This Side of Paradise Moby-Dick Go Tell it on the Mountain Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man Genre Essays Essays Essays Memoir Era important stainless stainless Classic Memoir Memoir Memoir Classic Classic Classic.Memoir Memoir new(a) brisk unexampled new(a) fabrication Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel ClassicClassic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Clas sic Classic Classic Joan Didion John Cheever John Dos Passos John Irving John Steinbeck John Steinbeck John Updike Kate Chopin Ken Kesey N.Scott Momaday Nella Larson Norman Mailer Philip Roth Ralph Ellison Raymond Chandler Richard Wright Rita Mae Brown Robert Penn Warren Saul Bellow Sinclair Lewis Theodore Dreiser Theodore Dreiser Upton Sinclair Vladimir Nabokov exita Cather Willa Cather William Faulkner Studs Terkel prevail It As It Lays The Wapshot Chronicle The U. S. A. Trilogy The military man According to Garp East of Eden The Grapes of Wrath Rabbit, RunThe Awakening One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest House Made of Dawn passing An American Dream Portnoys Complaint Invisible Man The Big Sleep Black Boy Rubyfruit Jungle All the Kings manpower The Adventures of Augie March Main Street An American Tragedy Sister Carrie The Jungle Lolita My Antonia O Pioneers Absalom, Absalom Working People Talk About What They Do All daytime and How They Feel about What They Do Arthur Miller A Vi ew from the Bridge Lorraine Hansberry Sherwood Anderson Sarah Vowell Toure A Raisin in the Sun Winesburg, Ohio The Partly Cloudy Patriot Whos shitless of Post-Blackness? What It Means to be Black Now Novel Novel Novel.Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Oral History vivify Play Short Stories Essays Essays Classic Classic Classic Classic present-day(a) contemporaneous Annie Dillard Barack Obama Bob Dylan Itabari Njeri James McBride Jay-Z John Edgar Wideman Luis Rodriguez Maxine Hong Kingston Richard Rodriguez Barbara Ehrenreich Dave Eggers.David Bianculli Erik Larsen Greil Marcus John Berendt Jon Krakauer Neil Swidey Tom Wolfe Amy sunburn Andre Dubus III Annie Proulx Audrey Niffenegger Barbara Kingsolver Barbara Kingsolver Barbara Kingsolver Chad Harbach Chang-rae Lee Cormac McCarthy Daniel Wallace Danzy Senna Dave Eggers David Foster Wallace An American Childhood Dreams from My Father A composition of Race and Inheritance Chronicles, Vol. I Every well behavedbye Aint Gone The Color of Water A Black Mans Tribute to His White Mother Decoded Brothers and Keepers Always Running La Vida Loca Gang years in L. A The Woman Warrior Hunger of Memory The Education of Richard Rodriguez.Nickle and Dimed On (Not) Getting by in America Zeitoun Dangerously Funny The Uncensored Story of The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour Devil in the White City The Old, Weird America The World of Bob Dylans Basement Tapes Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil Into the Wild The Assist Hoops, Hope, and the Game of Their Lives The Right Stuff The Joy Luck Club House of Sand and Fog The Shipping News The period Travellers Wife The Bean Trees Animal Dreams The Poisonwood Bible The Art of Fielding Native Speaker Blood Meridian Big Fish A Novel of Mythic Proportions Caucasia What is the What Infinite Jest Memoir Memoir Memoir Memoir.Memoir Memoir Memoir Memoir Memoir Memoir nonfiction nonfiction present-day(a) contemporary coetaneous Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Nonfiction Nonfiction Nonfiction Nonfiction Nonfiction Nonfiction Nonfiction Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary ContemporaryContemporary David Sheff Don DeLillo Donna Tartt Dorothy Allison Edward P. Jones Fannie Flagg Gish Jen Gloria Naylor Jane Smiley Jennifer Egan Jhumpa Lahiri John Irving John Kennedy OToole Jonathan Franzen Jonathan Lethem Jonathan Safran Foer Julia Alvarez Junot Diaz K. M. Soehnlein Leslie Marmon Silko Marilynne Robinson Marilynne Robinson Marisha Pessl Michael Chabon Ntzoke Shange capital of Minnesota Auster Paul Auster Paula Fox Peter Cameron Philip Roth Philip Roth Richard Ford Richard Russo Sherman Alexie Beautiful Boy Americana The Secret History Bastard out of Carolina The Known World Fried Green Tomatoes at the sound Stop Cafe Typical American.The Women of Brewster Place A Thousand Acres A Visit from the Goon Squad The Namesake A Prayer for Owen Meany A Confederacy of Dunces The Corrections The Fortress of Solitude Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close How the Garcia Girls Lost Their Accents The Brief Wondrous tone of Oscar Wao The World of Normal Boys Lords Supper Gilead Home Special Topics in Calamity Physics The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay Sassafrass, Cypress, and Indigo The New York Trilogy The Music of Chance Desperate Characters Someday This Pain Will be Useful to You American Pastoral The Human Stain The Sportswriter Empire Falls Reservation Blues Novel Novel Novel.Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Steven Millhauser.Sue Monk Kidd T. C. Boyle Thomas Pynchon Thomas Pynchon Tom Wolfe Toni Morrison Toni Morrison Walter Mosley Walter Mosley August Wilson August Wilson Martin Dressler The Tale of an American Dreamer The Secret Life of Bees Th e Tortilla Curtain Vineland The Crying of Lot 49 Bonfire of the Vanities Beloved Song of Solomon Always Outnumbered, Always Outgunned The Man in My Basement Ma Raineys Black Bottom The Piano Lesson David Mamet Glengarry Glen Ross Tony Kushner Annie Proulx Jhumpa Lahiri Raymond Carver Sherman Alexie Angels in America Close Range Wyoming Stories Interpreter of Maladies What We Talk About When We Talk About Love.The Long Ranger and Tonto boxing in Heaven Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Play Play Play Play Short Stories Short Stories Short Stories Short Stories Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary.

Friday, May 24, 2019

Analysis of Andre’s Mother by Terrence McNally Essay

The play, Andres Mother, by Terrence McNally is a story about accepting destruction and is based in a story about a young reality who died before telling his mother that he was gay leaving the mans partner to break the news and to inform the mother about how much he missed seeing her and his fear of macrocosm rejected by her, in the time before his death. The theme of this story is to live life perfunctory with no regrets. Throughout the symbols and germs you begin to understand the life of Andre.The white billow represents letting go and leaving a young man in peace. The sleek over of his mother shows that she never accepted his sexual preference. While Hamlet references the struggles of his everyday life. The white surge in the play Andres Mother is a symbol of Andres soul. Cal speaks about the white balloons saying, They represent the soul. When you let go, it means youre letting his soul ascend to Heaven, that youre free to let go. Breaking the last earthly ties(McNally 7 37).Andre is saying that the white balloons are Andres soul and that when you dissolve them, youre willing to let go of all the wrong and let him rest in peace. Penny, Cals sister, and Arthur, Cals dad let go of the balloon without hesitation. After releasing their balloons Cal reluctantly admits, Im not ready yet(McNally 737). This is because Cal still couldnt let go and still had regrets. The balloon being white represents purity. Letting go of the white balloon meant that after all that was said, Andre was now clear and pure again.I believe that white balloon delineate letting go of Andre and letting his soul rest in peace with no regrets and nothing left unsaid. Andres mothers silence throughout the play proved to us she did not accept her sons homosexuality. Cal tells Andres mother how much Andre missed her and longed for her acceptance. He gets finished with his ranting and still no response from Andres mother. Cal gets mad and replies, Its bullshit. Its all bullshit. Still N o response Her silence shows that she is not accepting of Andres sexual preference.At the end of the play Andres mom with her own conflicts releases the balloon. The play write quotes, He goes, Andres mother stands alone holding her white balloon. Her lips tremble. She looks on the verge of breaking down. She looks at it awhile before she gently kisses it and lets go of the balloon I believe at that point that Andres mother forgave her son and was willing to wipe the slate clean by releasing the white balloon and letting Andres soul rest in peace. Andres mothers silence throughout the play shows that she never accepted her sons sexuality.Even though she wasnt accepting she let her son rest in peace and let his soul ascend to heaven. Andres deal of theater and the play Hamlet gave us an insight to his life. At the beginning of the play Cal expresses Andres love of theatre. Cal expresses, God, how much he wanted to play Hamlet again. He would have gone to Timbuktu to have another go at that part. The summer he did in Boston, he was so happy (McNally 736). This reference to Hamlet, I believe showcases the struggles Andre went through. Andre struggled with decision-making and avoiding things, as did Hamlet.Hamlet struggled whether to avenge his father and struggled with the decision that he had been avoiding. This is also probable when Cal brings up Andres great performance saying, You should have come up the summer he plated Hamlet. He was magnificent(McNally 738). I believe the Hamlet reference was to showcase Andre and his internal struggles. McNally uses strong a strong sense of symbolism throughout the story. First by holding a white balloon, the characters were holing a theatrical performance of Andres life and the memories that they each had of him.By releasing the balloon, they were letting go of the sadness of his death and for some, the secret hed been keeping from his family. This also equal the crossing over of Andre. In the story, Andre was afraid of being rejected by his mother, whose silence throughout the play proves that she was incapable of offering acceptance to his homosexuality. With Andres love of the theater and specifically Hamlet, he is relating himself to one of the most recognized internal struggles of the theater world.

Thursday, May 23, 2019

Brittens Assignment

Bernie and Pam Britten atomic number 18 a young married couple beginning c areers and establishing a household. They exit each make about $50,000 next year and will have accumulated about $40,000 to invest. They now rent an apartment but are considering purchasing a condominium for $100,000. If they do, a down payment of $10,000 will be required. They have discussed their situation with Lew McCarthy, an investment advisor and personal friend, and he has recommended the hobby investments The condominium expected annual increase in commercialise apprize = 5%.municipal bonds expected annual assume = 5%. High- allot corporate stocks expected dividend yield = 8%. Savings account in a commercial bank-expected annual yield = 3%. High-growth common stocks expected annual increase in market value = 10% expected dividend yield = 0. Calculate the after-tax yields on the foregoing investments, assuming the Brittens have a 28% marginal tax rate (based on Public Law 108-27, The Jobs and Growth taxation Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003). How would you recommend the Brittens invest their $40,000? SolutionWe use the provisions outlined in The Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 to compute the applicable tax rates to be faced by the Brittens a married couple humble to a 28% marginal tax rate for the different investment decisions they will pursue. Given that the tax-free yield for each investment has been provided, we compute for the after-tax yield development this formula After-Tax Yield = Tax-Free Yield x (1 tax rate). But first, let us determine the tax rate applicable to the Brittens for each of the investments.A. The condominium expected annual increase in market value = 5%. The 5% increase in market value of the condominium is not equal to(p) to taxes. While taxes are set at 18%, the Brittens can expense up to $100,000 of the property pursuant to the Section 179 Expensing, and can take advantage of the fillip depreciation. Hence, tax rate is de minimis, or maybe assumed at 0%. B. Municipal bonds expected annual yield = 5%. Any annual yield from municipal bonds is not taxed at the Federal Level.Municipal bonds are usually-tax exempt. Hence, tax rate is 0%. C. High-yield corporate stocks expected dividend yield = 8%. Dividends received by a stockholder are taxed the same way as capital gain income. The 8% dividend yield, if it qualifies as a qualified capital gain or dividend, will be subject to the 15% tax rate, for the Brittens. D. Savings account in a commercial bank-expected annual yield = 3%. Savings account in a commercial bank is subject to the Brittens marginal tax rate, which is 28%. E.High-growth common stocks expected annual increase in market value = 10% expected dividend yield = 0. High-growth common stocks are subject to 15% taxes. While the yield, which is subject to capital gains tax, is 0, any gain from the disposition of stock is considered a gross income, and is considered a capital gain, wh ich is subject to 15% tax. Using those tax rates, we can compute for the after-tax yields Pre-Tax Yield Tax After-Tax Yield Condominum 5% 0% 5. 00% Municipal Bonds 5% 0% 5. 00% HY Corporate Stocks 8% 15% 6. 80%Savings Account 3% 28% 2. 16% HG Common Stocks 10% 15% 8. 50% Basing from the after-tax yield itself, the best investment for the Brittens would be the High Growth Common stock. The Brittens 40,000 dollar investment may grow by 8. 50% if the integral amount is invested in High Growth Common Stock. However, if we take in to account the risks and the degrees of liquidity, or if the investment could be easily turned to cash. Municipal bonds and nest egg account (which are guaranteed) for example, while low yield, have low default risks.High yield corporate stocks, and high growth common stocks, while high yield, are subject to the volatility of the stock market, and are very high risk. Stock prices are fluctuating everyday, and the value of the stock would depend upon the compa nys public presentation and investor interest on the company. The condominium investment is medium risk, since it is also subject to supply and demand real estate investments, for example, at these times are subject to risk due to the subprime mortgage crisis.

Wednesday, May 22, 2019

Socio-Economic and Political Conditions in Sparta and Athens After 800 B.C.E.

Ancient Greece was in a handsome bad shape during the period from 1200 to 800 B. C. E, which is referred as the grimy Age of the Greece. Eventually, after 800 B. C. E, Greeks started expanding their empire from the Mediterranean towards east as far as the Black Sea, and towards western United States as far as the Atlantic Ocean. At this time, two big(a) city- bring ups named Athens and S bug outa stood as two pillars in the Greek history. Although these two city -states atomic number 18 geographically close to each other in Greece, they were rivals and shared many differences.However, some of the social conditions were similar in these two city -states. During the Archaic period (800- 500 B. C. E. ), these two city- states progressed tremendously both governmentally and stintingally. Even though the Greeks came out of the Dark Age and were expanding with prosperity, they faced new problems with growing nation, hunger, and land shortage. Moreover, their lands were not fertile to feed the needs of the growing population, and in that respect was turmoil everywhere because of the tyranny of the aristocrats.To improve their economical, social, and political conditions, the Athenians and the severes created new political corpses, introduced important reforms and stood as the business office models in the Greek political development. The Spartans responded to the economic crisis by conquering Messene, their rich neighbor, in 715 B. C. E so that they can add the rich regions resources. Sparta is a city -state in the southern part of Greece which was under the control of aristocracy. In fact, Spartas asset was its powerful military, and it is the protector of Greece.Spartans oppressed the Messenian slaves after their freak against the Spartans. In order to appease the non- nobles, who demanded equal rights, as they assisted the Spartans in the war, the aristocrats later, reformed the state system to Lycurgan regimen. According to this reform, all Spartans were given equal rights, and the state was endured by two kings with the assistance from the nobles. fetching into consideration the economic situations in Sparta, the Messenian slaves called Helots did all the physical work while the men of Sparta devoted their lives for the military.Boys in their young age were labored into military training. Although family heart was important to Spartans, their social life was compromised as men spent much of their lives in the military. So they realised close relationships with other men in the military. The primary(prenominal) aim of the Spartan men was to be trained as the best infantrymen and sacrifice their lives in the battle. Spartan women were good wives who devoted their lives in bearing children and had rights to accept property.In the same way, Athenians implemented law of codes, reforms, and adopted democracy with the help of prominent and thoughtful aristocrats and ascended from the economic and political distress and oppress ion of the aristocrats. In the late one-sixth century B. C. E, Draco, an aristocrat, published the first law of code which asserts that law belonged to all citizens, Later, Solon, an aristocrat who became archon, a head magistrate of Polis, reformed the prevailing social conditions by waiver the slaves, recalling exiles, and made enslavement for debt illegal.He thus introduced democratic ideals into their political system in response to the tyranny of the aristocrats and nobles on small farmers and landowners. Although Athens was under the aristocratic rule in the beginning, it later adopted the democratic form of government under the leadership of a prominent aristocrat named Cleisthenes. Undoubtedly, Athenians were the first to introduce democratic self-reliant and legislation with a council (Boule) and an assembly of citizens (Ecclesia). They also unquestionable their infrastructure, and Acropolis clearly reveals their love for architecture.Young boys were not forced into mi litary and were given opportunity to excel in education, arts, and other talents. The Athenians enjoyed better social life than the Spartans, and family life was important. Like Spartan men, Athenian men well-kept close relationships with other men. Women were confined to giving cede and raising children along with other household chores, and they were considered inferior to men. Unlike the Spartan women, they had less immunity. Even though Athenians adopted democracy, women and slaves have limited rights and were not given citizenship. Ancient Greeks rose from their dark age in 800 B. C. E.and started expanding their empire in the neighboring regions.With their progress several economic and social tensions appeared such as population growth, hunger, and food shortage. In response to this economic and social distress, the two city-states, Athens and Sparta, with their own distinctive social structure, developed into two significant political systems. Athenians emphasise not only on firm political development, education, and culture but also on individual freedom and justice. Democracy and legislation with two presiding bodies were introduced into their political system and even the poor were allowed to vote in the election.On the contrary, Spartans focused on training their youth as soldiers and thus strengthened their military. With the military power they conquered their resourceful neighboring region, Messene, and later reformed their state system with two ruling kings and five noble overseers. Their reform system also presented equal rights to all Spartans. The preceding(prenominal) discussed political and social reforms were necessary for both the city-states at that time of chaos in order to survive. Even though they underwent many deadly conflicts, Athens and Sparta open themselves as prominent city-states in the political development of ancient Greek history.Socio-Economic and Political Conditions in Sparta and Athens After 800 B.C.E.Ancient Gree ce was in a pretty bad shape during the period from 1200 to 800 B. C. E, which is referred as the Dark Age of the Greece. Eventually, after 800 B. C. E, Greeks started expanding their empire from the Mediterranean towards east as far as the Black Sea, and towards west as far as the Atlantic Ocean. At this time, two prominent city- states named Athens and Sparta stood as two pillars in the Greek history. Although these two city -states are geographically close to each other in Greece, they were rivals and shared many differences.However, some of the social conditions were similar in these two city -states. During the Archaic age (800- 500 B. C. E. ), these two city- states progressed tremendously both politically and economically. Even though the Greeks came out of the Dark Age and were expanding with prosperity, they faced new problems with growing population, hunger, and land shortage. Moreover, their lands were not fertile to feed the needs of the growing population, and there was turmoil everywhere because of the tyranny of the aristocrats.To improve their economical, social, and political conditions, the Athenians and the Spartans created new political systems, introduced important reforms and stood as the role models in the Greek political development. The Spartans responded to the economic crisis by conquering Messene, their rich neighbor, in 715 B. C. E so that they can add the rich regions resources. Sparta is a city -state in the southern part of Greece which was under the control of aristocracy. In fact, Spartas asset was its powerful military, and it is the protector of Greece.Spartans oppressed the Messenian slaves after their revolt against the Spartans. In order to appease the non- nobles, who demanded equal rights, as they assisted the Spartans in the war, the aristocrats later, reformed the state system to Lycurgan regimen. According to this reform, all Spartans were given equal rights, and the state was ruled by two kings with the assistance from the nobles. Taking into consideration the economic situations in Sparta, the Messenian slaves called Helots did all the physical work while the men of Sparta devoted their lives for the military.Boys in their young age were forced into military training. Although family life was important to Spartans, their social life was compromised as men spent much of their lives in the military. So they established close relationships with other men in the military. The main aim of the Spartan men was to be trained as the best infantrymen and sacrifice their lives in the battle. Spartan women were good wives who devoted their lives in bearing children and had rights to own property.In the same way, Athenians implemented law of codes, reforms, and adopted democracy with the help of prominent and thoughtful aristocrats and ascended from the economic and political distress and oppression of the aristocrats. In the late sixth century B. C. E, Draco, an aristocrat, published the first law of co de which asserts that law belonged to all citizens, Later, Solon, an aristocrat who became archon, a chief magistrate of Polis, reformed the prevailing social conditions by freeing the slaves, recalling exiles, and made enslavement for debt illegal.He thus introduced democratic ideals into their political system in response to the tyranny of the aristocrats and nobles on small farmers and landowners. Although Athens was under the aristocratic rule in the beginning, it later adopted the democratic form of government under the leadership of a prominent aristocrat named Cleisthenes. Undoubtedly, Athenians were the first to introduce democratic sovereign and legislation with a council (Boule) and an assembly of citizens (Ecclesia). They also developed their infrastructure, and Acropolis clearly reveals their love for architecture.Young boys were not forced into military and were given opportunity to excel in education, arts, and other talents. The Athenians enjoyed better social life th an the Spartans, and family life was important. Like Spartan men, Athenian men maintained close relationships with other men. Women were confined to giving birth and raising children along with other household chores, and they were considered inferior to men. Unlike the Spartan women, they had less freedom. Even though Athenians adopted democracy, women and slaves have limited rights and were not granted citizenship.Ancient Greeks rose from their dark age in 800 B. C. E.and started expanding their empire in the neighboring regions. With their progress several economic and social tensions appeared such as population growth, hunger, and food shortage. In response to this economic and social distress, the two city-states, Athens and Sparta, with their own distinctive social structure, developed into two significant political systems. Athenians emphasized not only on firm political development, education, and culture but also on individual freedom and justice. Democracy and legislation with two presiding bodies were introduced into their political system and even the poor were allowed to vote in the election.On the contrary, Spartans focused on training their youth as soldiers and thus strengthened their military. With the military power they conquered their resourceful neighboring region, Messene, and later reformed their state system with two ruling kings and five noble overseers. Their reform system also presented equal rights to all Spartans. The above discussed political and social reforms were necessary for both the city-states at that time of chaos in order to survive. Even though they underwent many deadly conflicts, Athens and Sparta established themselves as prominent city-states in the political development of ancient Greek history.

Tuesday, May 21, 2019

Biographical Sketch

Growing up in the United States has always been both challenging and equally interesting. Born over 20 years ago, I am one person who can be described as having a serious approach towards important issues in spirit. Issues and events that devour come to build who I am directly. I have always been a big dreamer and all my efforts have been geared towards fulfilling these dreams. The greater the dream, the oft the challenge and effort employed to accomplish it. As a kid, I grew up in a neighborhood inhabited by people of respective(a) cultures and background.My early childhood studies were uneventful and as far as I can recall I have never had a problem with big(p) grades. This excellent murder trend would further be continued in my high school days clipping a number of awards. This good performance in my academics, I can attribute to a good family background. My parents are staunch Christians who religiously believe in imparting the best values and deportment to their child ren. Although this strictness may at times have cost me a few good times with my friends, I dont complain frequently as I can see where it has led me.They brought me up as a self-motivated and independent minded person and these qualities I continue to apply in my life up to date. It is this independence and hard work that would lead me to acquire a job in a grocery store, where out of a persuasion in diligence and work ethics, I would be promoted to a manager after a record one year. Later after the store was closed, I was to secure a job as a clerk in the local post office, a post that I still hold today and run concurrently with my studies. I have also acquired strong interpersonal skills that have seen me expand my social network.My ability to converse in both cut down and English is my strong point as it has enabled me to extend my interactions beyond borders. My love for knowledge is the main driving force behind my enrolment in precept programs and as they say, the sky is the limit. Abraham Lincoln once said And in the end, it is not the years in your life that count, its the life in your years (Jone J. L. , 2006) I have also vowed to make the best out of this life Reference Jone Johnson Lewis, 2006. Life Quotes from wisdom quotas. Quotations to inspire and challenge. Retrieved on 14/11/07 from http//www. wisdomquotes. com/cat-life. html biographical SketchOn the outside, I appear as a typical plain teenager who had already learned to cope with and comfortable living the life of an American youth. After coming to this nation four years ago, I can truly say that I have already adopted some(prenominal) of the local culture and tradition. My interaction with fellow teenagers has made me less discriminatory and more open-minded to ideas I previously considered unacceptable. I am now more confident in speaking English even though it is not my native tongue.My stay in the US has acquainted me with people who have freed me from my high-mindedness to becom e more realistic and unbiased without compromising my moral standards. Amidst all these changes, inside me is still that person who came from Poland four years to pursue my dream. I am still that same person who is determined and committed to life-long learning both inside the four-walls of the classroom and through my social interactions.I still see this university as a venue to cultivate my skills and broaden my knowledge with my peers acting as enhancers and motivators. I still believe that aside from enriching my academic knowledge through the theoretical concepts that I am discovering in class, maturity and development of character are still the most important lessons that I am acquiring. I am very much motivated to excel in the career path that I chose and this motivation will nurture my peevishness.Some things might have changed after four years of staying here. Yet, I am still aware of the fact that even though I speak English fluently, I still think in Polish. Even though I am already used to having burgers and fries during meals, I will still have a craving for the native delicacies. However, one this has never changedmy passion for learning and my yearning to become the best person that I can be through moral development.

Monday, May 20, 2019

Dietary Supplement

dietetic Supplement Report Ebony M. Dean SCI/241 January 27, 2013 Joseph Casico Dietary Supplement Report Dietary supplements are vitamins, minerals, herbs and opposite substances meant to improve your diet. They can come in pill form, capsules, powders and liquids. Supplements do not have to go finished testing that doses do. Some supplements can play an important role in your health. For example, gravid women take the vitamin folic demigod to pr eventidet certain birth defects in their babies.Taking some(prenominal) kind of supplements can also be a type of complementary or alternative medicine. The U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) do not set up dietary supplements in the same way that it regulates medicine. A dietary supplement can be interchange without research on how well it works. The benefit of taking dietary supplements is that they are designed to augment your mundane intake of nutrients. Normally, you should be able to get all the nutrients you need fr om a well balanced diet.However, taking supplements can provide additional nutrients when your diet is lacking or when certain health conditions cause you to weaken an insufficiency or deficiency. Multiple-vitamin supplements provide all the basic vitamins and minerals your body needs. These vitamins are generally safe because they lone(prenominal) contain small amounts of each nutrient. Individual nutrients can also be sold as a dietary supplement, but in larger amounts than whats plunge in a typical multiple-vitamin.These supplements whitethorn be used to treat a simple deficiency, much(prenominal) as an iron deficiency, but sometimes theyre used therapeutically to treat specific health conditions or risk factors. For example, large doses of nicotinic pane may be used to raise good cholesterol, and folic acid has been used to reduce the risk of a birth defect called spina bifida. The risk of taking dietary supplements is that some contain active ingredients that have reinfor ced biological effects in the body. This could make them unsafe in some situations and hurt or even complicate your health.Using dietary supplements could lead to harmful and even life-threatening consequences much(prenominal) as using supplements with medications whether ethical drug or over the counter and substituting them for prescriptions medicines. Taking too much of some of these supplements, such as vitamin A, vitamin D, and iron. Some supplements can also have unwanted effects to begin with, during, and after surgery. Always inform your health care provider, including your pharmacist about any supplements your taking especially forwards surgery.The FDA regulates both finished dietary supplement products and dietary ingredients under a different set of regulation than those covering conventional foods and drug products (prescription and Over-the-counter). Under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA), the dietary supplement or dietary ingredient m anufacturer is responsible for ensuring that a dietary supplement or ingredient is safe before it is marketed. FDA is responsible for taking action against any unsafe dietary supplement product after it reaches the market.Manufacturers are required to produce dietary supplements to minimum quality standards and ensure that they do not contain any contaminants or impurities, and are accurately labeled. Generally, manufacturers do not need to register their products with FDA nor get approval before producing or selling dietary supplements. Manufacturers must make sure that product label information is unbiased and not misleading. The manufacturers are required to report all serious dietary supplement related untoward events or illnesses to the FDA as of December 2007.The FDA can take dietary supplements off the market if they are found to be unsafe, adulterated, or if the claims on the products are false and misleading. Folic acid is a type of B vitamin that is commonly found in fo ods such as dried beans, peas, lentils, oranges, whole-wheat products, liver, asparagus, beets, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and spinach. Folic acid is used for preventing and treating utter blood levels of folic acid as well as its complications, including tired blood (anemia) and the inability of the bowel to cotton up nutrients properly.Folic acid is also used for other conditions commonly associated with folic acid deficiency, including ulcerative colitis, liver disease, alcoholism, and kidney dialysis. Women who are pregnant or might become pregnant take folic acid to prevent miscarriage and birth defects such as spina bifida that occur when the fetuss spine and back dont close during development. Folic acid is likely safe for most people. Most adults do not experience an aide effects when overpowering the recommended amount each day, which is 400 mcg.High doses of folic acid might cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea, rash, sleep disorders, irritability, confusion, nausea, stoma ch upset, behaviors changes, strip down reactions, seizures, gas, and excitability. There is some concern that taking too much folic acid for a long period of time of time might cause serious side effects. Some research suggests that taking folic acid in doses of 800-1200 mcg might increase the risk of inwardness attack in people who have heart problems. Other research suggests that taking these high doses might also increase the risk of cancer such as lung or prostate cancer.For folic acid deficiency the typical dose is 250-1000 mcg per day. For preventing neural render defects at least 400 mcg of folic acid per day from supplements or fortified food should be taken by women capable of becoming pregnant and continued through the first month of pregnancy. Women with a history of previous pregnancy complicated by neural tude defects usually take 4 mg per day beginning one month before and continuing for three months after conception. References www. nih. gov/medlineplus/dietarysu pplements www. wedmd. com/dietarysupplements www. fda. gov/food/dietarysupplements

Sunday, May 19, 2019

Evolution on Tasmainian Devils Essay

The worlds largest surviving carnivorous marsupial, the Tasmanian devil has a thick-set, squat build, with a relatively large, broad head and short, thick tail. The fur is whole black, yet white markings often occur on the rump and chest. Body size also varies greatly, depending on the diet and habitat. Adult males ar usually larger than adult females. Devils once occurred on mainland Australia, but put on been confined to Tasmania since pre-European times.The survival of Tasmanian Devils is threatened by Devil Facial Tumour Disease (DFTD), and the species is instanter listed as Endangered. Devil facial tumour unsoundness emerged in 1996 and causes tumours around in and around the mouth, represent and neck and sometimes other parts of the Devils. The disease develops rapidly and is fatal affected animals die at bottom six months of the lesions first appearing. DFTD is contagious the cancer cells are fan out by biting during feeding and mating. It has give across approximat ely 60% of Tasmania and has caused a rapid decline in wild Devil populations.Characteristics of Tasmanian devil cells have xiv chromosomes, while the oldest-known strain of the tumour cells contains thirteen chromosomes, nine of which are place subject and four of which are mutated. More recently-evolved strains have an additional mutant marker chromosome, for a total of fourteen chromosomes. The karyotype anomalies of DFTD cells are similar to those of cancer cells from canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT), a cancer of dogs that is patrimonial between canines by physical contact.DFTD cells are not whole genetically identical to each other, but also genetically distinct from their hosts, and from all known Tasmanian devils. The cancer originated in a wizard female individual and spread, rather than arising separately within each individual. Later the devil developed tumours from lesions caused by infected devils bites, confirming that the disease is spread by allograft, and that the normal methods of transmission embarrass biting, scratching, and aggressive sexual activity between individuals.Infectious facial cancer may be able to spread because of low diversity in devil immune genes. The same genes are also plunge in the tumours, so the devils immune system does not recognise the tumour cells as foreign. There are at least four or more strains of the cancer, showing that it is evolving, and may cash in ones chips more virulent. The strains may also complicate attempts to develop a vaccine, and the mutation of the cancer may taut that it could spread to other related species. Devil facial tumour disease was originated in the Schwann cells, of a unity devil, most likely a female.Schwann cells are found in the peripheral nervous system, and produce medulla oblongata and other proteins essential for the functions of nerve cells in the peripheral nervous system. The researchers sampled 25 tumours and found that the tumours were genetically identic al. some(prenominal) specific markers were identified which may enable veterinarians to more easily distinguish DFTD from other types of cancer, and might at long last help identify a genetic pathway that can be targeted to treat it.Due to the lessen life expectancy of the devils due to DFTD, they have begun breeding at younger ages in the wild, with reports that many only live to participate in one breeding cycle. Tasmanian devils have changed their breeding habits in solvent to the disease. Females previously started breeding at the age of two, then annually for about three more geezerhood until dying normally. Now they commonly breed at the age of one, and die of tumours shortly thereafter. It is speculated that the disease is spread by devils biting each other during the mating season.Social interactions have been seen spreading DFTD. It is one of three known contagious cancers. Wild Tasmanian devil populations are being monitored to track the spread of the disease and to identify changes in disease prevalence. To determine where the presence of the disease is and determine the number of affected animals. Areas are visited repeatedly to characterise the spread of the disease over time. Field workers are also testing the speciality by trapping and removing diseased devils.It is hoped that the removal of diseased devils from wild populations should decrease disease prevalence and relinquish more devils to survive beyond their young years and breed. At present with the population reduced by 60% since 1996, if a cure is not found then scientists predict they will become dead by 2035. Scientists and vets are working to find out how the disease can be stopped. Meanwhile, healthy pairs of Tasmanian devils have been moved to the mainland to breed in captivity. When Tasmania is once again disease free, those devils will be released into the wild.

Discussion Board: Ann & David

With the on-line(prenominal) heavy economic times, it is necessary for a business organization to put into consideration all the factors that are in all likelihood to affect its success in the market. It is true that every company will have to work harder so that it can realize its goals due to the current economic instability. This economic instability has been brought about by the current global economic recession that the whole world is facing. It should therefore be noted that with the currently tuition in technology in the world, the world is turning out to be a global closure and one can buy any production from any part of the world.As Porter, (2000) puts it, even though arrangement may be integrated with the companys wellbeing financially, socially and in terms of available resources, technology has a major part to play as it is the one that determines the market area of the product the company comes up with. Response to Davids posting Time is the only constant thing in this world. This means that in every organization, there will be virtually changes needed after some time. However, one cannot just wake up one morning and decide to change.According to Satterlee, (2009) the fast growing proficient development in the world today is making some organizations traditional practices are becoming obsolete and they are being replace by new ones. This means that the organization essential change so that it can adapt to the new environment for it to survive. There are some tercet steps that need to be followed so that one can know how and what to change. In as oft as an organization must follow the three steps to change suggested by Nolifer Merchants, it must be well prepared as change comes along with the use of some extra resources.ReferencesPorter, M. (2000). Economic development Quarterly. Location, Competion, and Economic Development. Retrieved July 8, 2010, from http//edq.sagepub.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu2048/content/14/1/15.full.pdf+htmlSatter lee, B. (2009). Cross Border Commerce. Roanoke, VA Synergistics, Inc.

Saturday, May 18, 2019

Evidence based practice Essay

There is a take for wellness services stipulation to slang the best evidence instead of utiliseing the customary orders (Stevens et al, 2001). However, this is only affirm suitable if practitioners, investigateers, scholars, politicians, managers and public in general conducted a high quality question. Different methods of investigatees that be evident- ground tend to keep up leave out support from closely users. This is because those researches ar lack of proper referencing which the redirect examinationer could non introduction.This module has required us to articulate the definition of evidence found recitation, analyzing several(predicate) forms of evidence and reflect on assertable tactics utilized in the implementation of evidence establish give. To aid me in achieving those outcomes, I name use resources from entropybase like ebscohost, books, researches, journals and search engine like Google.The paper I choose focuses on a descriptive- correlationa l statistics method of research based on run sum obligates fellowship and exercising of sterilised technique. This research is spanking due to several cases of surgical transmitting taking place in operating path. The aim of the battlefield is to determine the instruction and extent of applying stereotypical technique among operating room nurses in four selected hospitals in Samar, Philippines.Globalization comes with a large account of captain developments and policies especially in the nursing sector. triming in a government hospital in the Middle East, and attached to operating department is tough because research carried out on operating room nurses friendship and practice of sterile techniques conkly shows a pass association between fellowship and practice (Luo et al,2010). This watch was conducted on four hospitals in Philippines. Inclusion banners were set for this correction is participation among nurses are nurses with permanent employment, nurses who equal to participate on this get wind and nurses counterfeiting in the identify hospitals.The research concludes that acquaintance has a positivistic effect on the extent of practice by the nurses. Different International bodies as Commission for health improvement prove that evidence based practice is researched on daily basis by divers(prenominal) scholars. Evidence based practice (EBP) requires thenurse to be able to apply his/her knowledge in trading operations without necessarily consulting. EBPSackett et al (2000) denote evidence-based practice is a favorite discipline that applies in clinical practices since 1992, and started with the care for sector as Evidence Based Medicine (EBM). It later spread out to other field like nursing, development, dentistry, psychology, and library among others. EBP demands that these practical purposes need to come from corroborate research studies, and they should interpret according to finicky EBP norms. EBP is the incorporat ion of the best research evidence with clinical expertise and uncomplaining values. This explanation emphasizes on the uncomplainings situations, goals, available evidence and the practitioners expertise. However, there are some patients who reject the memorial tablet based on their different culture and values. Besides that, the practitioner might understand underlying hindrances like finances that may halt the application of EBP.Evidence Based Practice in nursing includes the major(ip) decisions made by the craftals, which in my area includes the surgeries. Some of these decisions include appraising, accessing, and integrating research evidence with their professional judgment and with their clinical decision-making (Department of health, 2002). The research on operating room nurses knowledge and practice of sterile techniques intention is to identify the extent of nurses applying their knowledge in practice pertaining sterile technique. There are several factors on why nur ses are reluctant to apply EBP in their daily micturate. Evidence based practice include making decisions by combining every knowledge acquired from the nursing practice, patients inclination, and applying research evidence.It means that the nurses have a variety of options including sitting back and watching, or taking action based on their have intercourse. Nevertheless, the decision made is crucial hence it need brainwave. A clinical question is essential in the beginning making evidence-based decision. So, it is important to search for a suitable EBP to help in making the right decision at the grouchy situation. Lastly, the nurse evaluates the different effects of the action taken.Strengths of EBPSince the early age of Florence Nightingale, research became popular till the first nursing journal published in United States in 1952 which began considering evidence based practice. Nightingale is famous for her systematic thinking and utilise religious faith that favored systema tic approach. tally to Keith (1988), Nightingale had a trusty access to governmental information and other material making her work knowledge based. She utilise graphic presentation in form of pie and bar charts unlike others who used tables. The health ministry requested Royal College of Nursing in 1966 to examine the effectiveness of nursing. From then onwards, various research programs came up including Information provision and wound care.Anyhow, Rodgers (2000) far-famed that the progress of EBP is slow scarcely it is successful as the years go. Utilization of evidence-based knowledge broadens the relationship between the nurses and the direction like the clinicians. Another major strength in evidence-based practice includes a research carried out around 1990s on the physical constraint unremarkably applied on older frail generation. The result showed sufferingful and prolonged routines thus it made a change in the national policy within acute care hospices and long-te rm care settings (Evans et al, 2006). These changes presented a drop in constrained home care residents from 1980s 75% to 2004s 8%. Nurses applied overweening pressure on the elderly without realizing of the psychological torture involved.Weaknesses of Evidence Based ResearchToday, science has expand and advance compare to those years during Nightingale years. In spite of this progressive development, there is still a gap on contemporary knowledge and the extensive adoption to improve the health sector. Bass (2010) utter EBP appliance in nursing profession is similar in all fields or disciplines. The major challenge is the readiness to apply these evidence-based researches due to different drawbacks that include lack of understanding, inclusion, and lack of necessary culture programs. To further modify this argument, Pravikov et al (2005) mention most nurses have two years degree program which does not accommodate evidence based practice. Moreover, EBP weakness in any case inc ludes accessing of vital information on the research done.The information gathered in researchis publishing in various resources like database, journals, health magazines, newspapers, books and online. Therefore, users reckon it difficult to access especially in work place. In nursing, the clinical specialists and the doctors who own higher skills in recognizing puzzles, analyzing, and translating are far from reach. Hence, they are hesitated to apply EBP in their practice.Usefulness of Evidence Based Practice in my clinical PracticePerioperative nurse must be knowledgeable on sterilized technique. Reflecting on my experience being a perioperative nurse for five years now, to enhance better understanding on the grandeur of sterile technique and the consequences of not applying sterile technique, EBP is the best tactic. For instance, EBP is based on studies done on sterile technique and they show result for not applying sterile technique may lead to surgical infection. EBP arrang e perioperative nurses like me acknowledge importance of sterile technique and we are accountable for patients safety. Hereafter, nurses could seduce decision-making on evidence-based in their practice. It is crucial for nurses to be familiar with different decisions they partake and consider the consequences associated with the decision made. It is alike important for nurses to be given the necessary skills required to enable them construct the vital questions and efficiently and effectively look for the available study evidence that best applies to these questions.The research on operating room nurses knowledge and practice evidently show that many nurses have not applied their knowledge in practice. Helpful information that I picked in this study is the importance of sterilizing the operating instrument. This study based on surgical situates infections that are common in most operating rooms. Globally, studies shows that, 2-5% of the patients undergoing operation suffer from surgically alluded infections. This definitely raises most hospital concern and wants to a greater extent research to be carried out in order to identify where the problem lies. Surgical site infection causes many deaths during the operations, and that is the reason why different strategies like sterilizing technology came up.Many patients have died because of infected surgical wound and this calls for an evidence based study to resolve the prevailing problem. EBP faces major emphasis fromAmerican Psychological Association (APA), American Nurses Association, Occupational Therapy Association, and American Physical Theory association. In psychiatry, rehabilitation, medicine, psychology, and other professional bodies, loose bodies of knowledge apply, and this is a major drawback on their performances. Evidence based practice begins with a profiling research which informs the professionals and their clients what works best for them. Easy access to EBP information enhances both clients and the practitioners to identify their helpful treatment before intervention starts.Methodology calamusThe hold that I will critic is on operating room nurses knowledge and practice of sterile technique by Leodoro et al (2012)(Appendix 1).I have choose this article as it has link with my profession and it is very knowledgeable for me being a perioperative nurse. The critic rooster that I have chosen is grade by step guidelines in critiquing a quantitative research study by Coughlan et al (2007)(Appendix 2). The methodological analysis tool applied in this study was descriptive-correlation research method. The descriptive method describes the knowledge and the extent of which the nurses applied the sterilization technique in practice. In addition, the correlation method is dissimilar relationships among the different variables used.This study was conducted in four hospitals in Philippines and the results are based on answers by nurses with permanent employment, nurses who agreed to participate on this study and nurses working in the identified hospitals. There are three-part questionnaire consisted of demographics profiles of the participants. This part carries 10 multiple-choice questions and 10 general questions with an expected score of 20, and intended to measure out the nurses knowledge scope apply sterilized instruments. Questionnaire 11 includes a checklist whereby the participants rated out of 5 points with 1 being lowest rate. The data test through inferential and descriptive statistics consisting of frequency, standard deviation, percentage and mean. Critiquing Descriptive-correlation ToolAnalyzing research studies require suitable tool looking at the methodology used. Tanner (2003) suggests these tools normally bear questions that aid the analyzer in ascertain the different steps followed in this research.It is notable that some steps are more vital than others. Descriptive-correlation tool applied in this study is credible based on many fac tors. The investigator uses simple actors line that is easy to understand without consultation. This means there are no scientific jargons that sometimes pose a threat to the readers. The authors seem to understand the relegate matter clearly according to the list of questions in their questionnaire. The questionnaire circus tent most elements related to the operating rooms practice.For instance, hand washing, scrubbing, intraoperative phase and circulator role. The purpose of this study is vital due to several incidents that related to surgical wound infection. In the article abstract, they mention the overview of their study, including the research problem which is in prevention of surgical site infection and contamination, sterile technique need to be implemented. They in addition remark the sample, methodology, finding and recommendations which is mention earlier in the need for the nurses to control and protect the patients from surgical site infections. The grammar used i n this study is straightforward, easy to understand and systematically arranged. Usually, a reader like me demands an fire research that motivates us to continue analyzing, and this presents well in the to a higher place-mentioned analysis. There are certain factors that strengthen this research, which includes the identification of the research problem. The hypothesis used is that most nurses have the knowledge on sterile techniques still due to some reasons, they fail to apply it in practice.Some nurses bear the knowledge save they lack the confidence to put this evidence-based research into practice. There are four major reasons that limit the nurses from using EBP. Retsas (2008) stated research reports similar to the above-mentioned are normally complex, statistical, academic and nurses find it difficult to interpret or work with the research products. The research article on operating room nurses knowledge and practice of sterile technique is a study that is markedly academ ic and statistical. This may cause murkiness to nurses during interpretation. The results are graphical and the nurse might have problems understanding it. This particular research is consistent and any nurse whether a graduate or a trainee can easily relate to it except of the graphical result. Beginning from the introduction, methodology, participants, instrument analysis, results and conclusion, the study is systematic with a great flow of intenseknowledge. The police detective clearly links each step to the other with the objective of the study, which follows with a literature review.In their literature review, the research is rather shallow compared to other great researches. It is lacked of specific details on the occasions where nurses have failed to apply the technology and the consequences that follow. The literature failed to analyze the different surgical tools applied in the operating rooms by the nurses. However, they identified the hospital and the need for the resea rch. The literature should include the history of evidence-based practice including when it began and why. The hypothetical structure lacks in this study, which is necessary for reader who needs to understand and analyze the research. The researchers did not go in depth into the subject matter although the introduction had a ripe review of the search information. In terms of theoretical framework, which is a necessity in most researches (Basset & Basset 2003), the author failed to identify a conceptual model that would swear out the reader as guidance.The research paper is lacked of proper relationship between different concepts in its literature. However, most theoretical frameworks work best in experimental and quasi-experimental researches unlike in descriptive studies similar to the above mentioned. According to Dale (2005) in every research, it is vital to identify the main question and this was not seen in this research. For example, the researcher should have asked how comp etent the management of the operating room is in educating their staffs on sterile technique. This would assist the researches in analyzing the situation because the failure to practice sterile technique could be perioperative nurses not sent for continuous education leading to lack of competency. These questions are likely to come from patients or the nurses themselves. The questions may derive from the customary practices or from different literature. The sample in this study, for me the size is relatively small compared to the many operating rooms in Philippines.Anyhow, the choice of participants in regards to age group, and gender is great. In terms of experience, the researcher should have picked people with longer experience in the job. most of the participants are below five years experience in this research. The attendance for educational training of these participants is equally poor so it could not provide a conclusive result. The distribution of the sample is similarly inadequate because female participants are 73% compared to their malecounterparts who are at 23%. A bigger sampling in all categories would have provided a better data analysis. This study was carried out in hospitals and chances for the nurses were conversant with the subject at hand. However, the participants were from only one-region hospitals and different issues may have moderate their voluntary information.At times, the participants are not sure of their confidentiality, despite them signing confidentiality forms they still have the business of being exposed. The nurses could tutelage intimidation from the superiors, and this drives them to give false information in favor of the organization. The researcher got the acclaim from the ethics committee at Samar Provincial hospital, and the other hospitals before they began conducting their research. No participants were nipd or harm during the survey. Neither there was any bias because the respondents were not selected purpo sively. In the operational definitions, the researcher ensured that the reader richly comprehended the study by applying simple concepts and terms in the research (Parahoo, 2006). The researchers have used clear and simple understanding terms to carry out this study.The research design used in the research on operating room nurses knowledge and practice of sterile techniques is a descriptive-correlation method, which is a recent method of study that is very effective. This is because it integrates the description of the nurses knowledge and the extent at which they practice the use of sterile technique together with a correlation analysis showing the relationship between the two variables. However, most of these studies relate because the objective regards patterns in group behaviors, tendencies, averages, and properties (Robson 2002). There is a possibility of mentality to take place as most of the researches done clinical credibility because these research products are not conclu sive. This is a major drawback for nurses to agree in applying the results (recommendation) which alike decrease the confidence in the products used for the survey like the questionnaire and the sample. In my opinion, the study did not succeed to reach out a proper clinical bearion and so the nurses prefer not to use them. Most nurses prefer a research that is more prescriptive and clinical concerning their work place.The data collection is similar to a quantitative methodology of research whereby different data that includes questionnaires, interviews, and observation tools used. These tools are appropriate with the study aim. Then again, questionnaires areprevalent with different sets of closed questions and few with multiple choices and others with direct answers. The overall dependability and validity was discussed in the weakness and strength of the study done. It was describe as good but not perfect. Its validity, which is its ability to measure the content (Wood et al, 20 06), is downcast due to the number of samples were insufficient (21 participants) and also from one region only. For the tools reliability, Wood et al (2006) stated reliability is to accurately measure and consistently measure the theory which being studied which was done in this research. The researchers have always forceful on the extent of sterile technique practice throughout the study.This study had a pilot study, which assisted the researcher in making some adjustments in their research. The researchers data analysis is a well-analyzed methodology since it is not complex and daunting. The ratings are clear and easy to understand. For instance, they used descriptive statistics that include the percentage, frequency, standard deviation and mean. The interpretation of the results included 0-7 as needed improvement, 8-10 as fair, 11-13 as good, 14-16 as very good, and 14-16 as excellent. This is quite an easy interpretation and anyone is able to analyze and understand. These are inferential tests and it helps the researcher in identifying the relationship among variables. The researcher discussed the findings in simple and clear terms. The researcher has a logical flow of information and the hypothesis is clearly supported by these findings. This study bears moment in its findings as per Russell (2002), and the researcher specifies every result without generalizing it.They reported each section independently whether it could be gender, age, experience and number of training attended. As mention earlier, the perioperative nurses have knowledge of using sterile techniques but rarely apply them in practice (Luo et al 2010). The research also concluded that half of the nurses had the knowledge on sterile technique. In Goiana hospital, 75.6% seemed to understand the standard precautionary measures on surgical site infection (Melo et al 2006). Most researched documents have no references, which makes them less favorable.There are known perspectives on accessibi lity of information and they include the humanistic ideology which involves the notion that human resource is most well-disposed. There is also a strong belief that local information derived from locally developed technologies is moreaccessible. The latest technologies information can be retrieve from internet easily accessible. However, the researcher did not mention much on recommendation for nurses to apply sterile technique in practice which is vital in guiding the readers. wordThe studys hypothesis that majority of the operating room nurses have the knowledge on implementing sterile technique, but seldom apply it in practice have been achieved as end result of the study. The findings confirmed that the nurses held a strong knowledge of the use of sterile technique according to the table 6 that showed the correlation between knowledge and the extent of use of sterile technique by the participating nurses. The discussion is clear and well elaborated in simple terms. The research er explains the underlying causes on why nurses rarely apply the knowledge into practice. The issue of occupational culture where questioning is unpopular should be contested, and the nurses should ask any questions in the event of uncertainty. The information on sterile technique and importance of it should be taught to nurses by sending them for educational trainings or emphasize it at all times in work place. This information should be accessible especially the evidence-based literature in order for the evidence-based practice to be implemented.For instance, books related to operating room and patients safety should be kept in operating department where nurses can access them anytime when needed. The researchers also discuss on the strength and limitation of their study which is appropriate as it helps the reader determine the reliability of the study and also the choice to implement it or not. The strength of the study is to ensure there was no selection bias the respondents wer e inclusive of the entire population of operating room nurses in four identified hospitals for the investigation. Nevertheless, a wider variety of hospitals would have added this strength. Furthermore, the research shows that the investigation is from one province only, which weakens its strength. The discussion also noted the weakness in the questionnaire method of research because it lacked some details like. It is also clear that some participants fear telling the truth despite their secrecy assurance.However, the research discussion is clear on its demerits, and although it does not offer any suggestion on a further research, it is vital to have a more exposit study on the sameissue. Most researchers offer recommendation because their researches are not conclusive which this particular researcher failed to apply. The referencing in this study is very accurate especially on the in text citation. Most researches fail to offer the in text citation and leaves the readers struggling on locating the referencing. The higher number of references, the stronger the research perceives. Different methods of researches that are evident-based tend to have lack support from most readers.This research had 18 references, which is the average number, required for any research. However, more references would have strengthened the research. This study has much merit but the method requires evaluation. The sampling requires a larger demographic region in order to accommodate more representatives of the participants. It is crucial for perioperative nurses to apply their knowledge on sterile technique in practice. If sterile technique is not applied during surgery it may lead to surgical infection which will harm the vulnerable patients which may also cause death if not treated well.ConclusionThe study on operating room nurses knowledge and practice of sterile technique is a vital research globally and it was fairly conducted. Further research is recommended because this proble m continues due to frequent changes in technology and management. The nurses should implement a more basic role in services through application of their skills while addressing questions from outside clinical range. This would in return increase their service demands from the environs. For skills development, the nurses should complement their hands-on function within the department. These nurses should be able to apply their developmental products effectively in order to prove everyone else wrong. People have failed to recognize the efforts applied by the nurses. The management and the clinical experts need to recognize and appreciate the nurses efforts through understanding their skills. After all, the management should ensure the nurses knowledge, resources, and skills are readily available in order to assist implementation. This only happens if the research information is excellent, with clarity and enough strength to hinder any doubts from reviewers.ReferencesAmerican Psycholog ical Association. (2006). APA presidential task force on evidence based practice. Washington, DC Barker P. (2000) Reflections on caring as a moral excellence ethic within an evidence-based culture. International diary of Nursing Studies 37, 329336. Bucknall T. (2003) The clinical landscape of critical care nurses decision-making. Journal of Advanced Nursing 43(3), 310319. Davies H.T.O., Nutley S. & Smith P. (2000) Introducing evidencebased policy and practice in public services. In What Works? Dobson, K., & Craig, K. (1998). through empirical observation supported therapies Best practice in professional psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage. Drisko, J. & Grady, M. (2012). Evidence-based practice in clinical social work. crude York Springer-Verlag. Elwood, J.M. (2007). Critical appraisal of epidemiological studies and clinical trials (3rd ed.) New York Oxford University Press Gambrill, E. (2003). Evidence-based practice Implications for knowledge development and use in social work. I n A. Rosen & E. Proctor (Eds.), Developing practice guidelines for social work intervention (pp. 37-58). New York Columbia University Press. Gibbs, L. (2003). Evidence-based practice for the helping professions. New York Wadsworth. Gilgun, J. (2005). The four cornerstones of qualitative research. Qualitative Health Research, 16(3), 436-443. Gilmour D (2000) Is aseptic technique always necessary? Journal of Community Nursing 14 4. Howard, M., McMillen, C., & Pollio, D. (2003). breeding evidence-based practice Toward a new paradigm for social work education. Research on Social Work Practice, 13, 234-259. Keith JM. (1988) Florence Nightingale statistician and consultant epidemiologist. International Nursing Review 14750. Kilpatrick C, Reilly J (2002) The importance of surveillance for hospital-acquired infections. Nurs time 98 56-57. Luo Y, He GP, Zhou JW, Luo Y (2010) Factors impacting compliance with standard precaution in nursing, China. Int J defile Dis 14 e1106-e1114. Mace, C., Moorey, S., & Roberts, B. (Eds.). (2001). Evidence in the psychological therapies A critical guide for practitioners. Philadelphia, PA Taylor & Francis. Mantzoukas, S. (2008). A review of evidence-based practice, nursing research and reflection Levelling the hierarchy. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17(2), 214-223. Roberts, A., & Yeager, K. (Eds.). (2004). Evidence-based practice manual Research and outcome measures in health and human services. New York Oxford University Press. Sackett, D., Rosenberg, W., Muir Gray, J.,Haynes, R. Richardson, W. (1996). Evidencebased medicine what it is and what it isnt. British Medical Journal, 312, 71-72. http//cebm.jr2.ox.ac.uk/ebmisisnt.html Sackett, D., Richardson, W., Rosenberg, W., & Haynes, R. (1997). Evidence-based medicine How to practice and teach EBM. New York Churchill Livingstone. Simpson, G., Segall, A., & Williams, J. (2007). Social work education and clinical learning Reply to Goldstein and Thyer. Clinical Social Work Journal, (35), 33-36. Smith, S., Daunic, A., & taylor, G. (2007). treatment fidelity in applied educational research Expanding the adoption and application of measures to ensure evidence-based practice. Education & discourse of Children, 30(4), pp. 121-134. Stevens K.R. & Ledbetter C.A. (2000) Basics of evidence-based practice. Part 1 the nature of the evidence. Semin Periopeative Nursing 9(3), 9197. Stout, C., & Hayes, R. (Eds.). (2005). The evidence-based practice Methods, models, and tools for mental health professionals. Hoboken, NJ Wiley. Stuart, R., & Lilienfeld, S. (2007). The evidence missing from evidence-based practice. American Psychologist, 62(6), pp. 615-616. Trinder, L., & Reynolds, S. (2000). Evidence-based practice A critical appraisal. New York Blackwell. Wampold, B. (2007). Psychotherapy The humanistic (and effective) treatment. American Psychologist, 62(8), pp. 857-873. Wood M., Ferlie E. & FitzGerald L. (1998b) Achieving Clinical Behavioural Change A Case of Becoming Interder minate. Social Science and Medicine, 47, 17291738

Friday, May 17, 2019

Sickle Cell Anemia

reaping hook cadre anemia buy the farms in about 1 out of vitamin D Afri hatful Ameri cig artte induces, and 1 out of 36,000 Hispanic births. It is a alivenesstimelong disease, and whatever(prenominal)time can be deadly. According to Dr. Whit take awayr, in our region there ar aberrantly higher instances of reaping hook Cell genus anemia, so I found it important to learn more about the disease, what beat it, what argon the symptoms as come up as the options of treatments for this disease. According to www. invista. com, it is believed that reap hook stallular phone disease occurs more often in good deal from separate of the world where malaria is or was common.Also the coincident of people who stock up the reaping hook cell singularity atomic number 18 less likely to catch malaria make a lot of us wonder of these two diseases argon associated. In the 1940s, E. A. Beet, a British medical officer stati nonpargonild in Northern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), observe d that agate line from malaria uncomplainings who had reap hook cell trait had fewer malarial parasites than downslope from patients without the trait. ( innvista) on that point argon researchers have came up with several(prenominal) links amidst the two diseases. Malaria is caused by a type of parasite that completes its look cycle in mans passing rent cell. This parasite enters the bloodstream with the aid of a female (Anopheles) mosquito. With singular who has reaping hook Cell anaemia, the blushful blood cell break down when infected with this parasite proscribe the development of the malaria parasite. There ar others explanation such as Hb S in reap hook Cell individual leads to the polymerization of hemoglobin and this prevent the parasite from ingest the hemoglobin which it needs for its life cycle, therefore the parasite get destroyed.Also the parasites of Malaria need oxygen for their development however a patient with reap hook Cell anaemia cant provide t hem just that, therefore they cannot continue their life cycle. There are still questions regarding the relationship between sickle Cell Anemia and malaria, but the explanations offe exit are quite interested. Sickle Cell Anemia is an acquire disease. An individual who has two copies of the trait ordain get Sickle Cell Anemia from the parents.Those people who only have one copy of this trait leave alone fuck off a carrier for Sickle Cell Anemia, and if their husband or wife also a carrier, the disease will keep passing on. In Sickle Cell Anemia, the havoc caused by the abnormal hemoglobin s (HbS), results from a change in just one of the 146 amino acids in a beta chain of the globin molecule( Marieb 642). It is amazing how one tiny change in our soundbox can has such dramatic effect, but on the other hand they all possible humans body is extremely complex.The disease has to do with the protein hemoglobin found in human blushing(a) blood cell. A normal persons trigger-happy blood cell has a round, gloriole shape without the whole in the middle however a reap hookd red blood cell will take on a crested moon shape, and these sickled cells are fragile and prostrate to rupture. The normal life span of a healthy red blood cell is about 120 days onward irascibility takes out the mediocre ones and the bone marrow replace them. The sickle cells will go bad in only about 10 to 20 days.Imagine the lien has to work extra gruelling to get rid of these bad blood cells, and with patients of sickle cell anemia about all of their hemoglobins are bad, therefore spleen has to take out all of them thats why these patients have to get their blood transfuse regularly. These sickled cells after got produced by red bone marrow can go O.K.bone and forth between being normally influence and sickle shaped until they eventually become sickle shaped permanently. And Instead of moving through the bloodstream easily like normal red blood cells, these sickle cells are tru ly sticky and so they can clog blood vessels. These events interfere with oxygen delivery, divergence the victims gasping for air and extreme pain. Bone and chest pain are particularly severe, and infection and stroke are common sequels. ( Marieb 642). Sickle cell anemia produces a chronic anemia which whitethorn become life- surd when hemolytic crises, which is the breakdown of red blood cells, which is when bone marrow fails to produce blood cells. These crises occur on a lower floor condition of low oxygen, such as during intense exercises, masses of hemoglobin molecules in each red blood cell cut out its normal disk shape.For some individual the crises can terminal hours, days or even weeks some has crises once a year, for others they occur way more often. There are several symptoms that can be diagnosed as soon as infant is four months old. The clinical course of sickle cell anemia does not follow a single pattern some patients have mild symptoms, and some have very sever e symptoms. The basic problem, however, is the same the sickle-shaped red blood cells tend to get stuck in narrow blood vessels, blocking the flow of blood (Bownas, Jennifer).And they are the period of pain (mentioned above), hand-foot syndrome ( babies with swollen hands and feet), jaundice (yellowish color found on the babys skin or/and in the white parts of their eyes), frequent infections, Delayed growth and puberty in children and often a slight build in adults. The slow rate of growth is caused by a shortage of red blood cells. There is also vision problem, because of the eyes not getting replete nourishment from circulating red blood cells, these types of damages can be serious enough to cause blindness if not discover on time.Sickle Cells Anemia is a disease with many complications, and all of them are dangerous for patients health. One of which is referred to as ERD (exercise-related death). This scenario happens when a patient with Sickle Cells Anemia attend into a lot of physiologic practice. The possibility that previously healthy young people with sickle cell trait might suffer increased mortality from exercise was first suggested by observations of enlisted recruits in US Armed Forces basic training. A military trainee with Hb AS suffered exercise related hypernatremia during physical training in the field.He only survived a critical illness that included acute renal failure because of dialysis (Kark, John). And also during that single summer, there were already four deaths among recruiting at this area, all of them were b overleap and had Sickle Cells Anemia. So John Kark, whom is the author of this article, was very positive about the significant risk associate between Sickle Cells and ERD. And I think this is reasonable, because the nature of Sickle Cell Anemia is to decrease dramatically the total of red blood cell circulating in the humans body, which will cause the lack of oxygen in multiple organs and muscles in the body.And when an ind ividual with Sickle Cell try so hard on these physical activities and keep pushing themselves forward, its hard to avoid damage to the body, which is very unfortunate. Another big complication with Sickle Cell Anemia is infections. Patients of this disease are extremely prone to infection due to their abnormal red blood cells. Recently the screening streaks for Sickle Cell Anemia were required for newborns. Before this happen, 35% of infant with Sickle Cell died from infection.The most common bacteria that usually attack these infants are treptococcus pneumonia and Haemophilus influenza which can cause pneumonia, blood infections, or meningitis). A death can occur to these infants only a few hours after the fever. Acute Chest Syndrome is also yet other dangerous complication of Sickle Cell Disease. It is the leading cause of illness among the Sickle Cell Anemia patients. Pulmonary disease, manifested as the acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a common complication of sickle cell anemia .It is the siemens most common cause of hospitalization in persons with sickle cell anemia and accounts for 25% of immature deaths. (Gladwin, Mark) ACS occurs when the lung tissues are starved for oxygen during a crisis. ACS can be caused from infection that lead us back to Sickle Cell Anemia, to blockage of blood vessels which also remind us of Sickle Cell disease, because of the sickle red blood cells with their crested moon shape, as mentioned earlier, instead of moving smoothly along the blood stream, these sickle cells are very sticky and tend to block the blood vessels.There are a few symptoms that can be recognized such as high fever, rapid take a breath, wheezing or cough, and finally acute chest pain. As of today, the only potential cure of Sickle Cell Anemia is bone marrow transplant. However according to the mayo clinics website, it is extremely difficult to find a matching donor and also, the procedure is very risky and can be life threatening. So for treating Sickle Cell Anemia, there are more aims to reduce the pain of the crises. As a result, treatment for sickle cell anemia is usually aimed at avoiding crises, relieving symptoms and preventing complications (Mayo Clinic Staff). Sickle Cell Anemia victims always have to take antibiotics because of their sensitivity, they are prone for infection. Blood transfusion is an option, with this procedure the patient will get supplied with healthy red blood cells from donors, but this can also be risky, because the new red blood cells also carry with them irons, this can cause excessive iron build up in patients body so people who get blood transfusion also need others treatments to reduce iron level.A prescription dose called Hydroxyurea is usually used to treat cancer can be use in the severe case of Sickle Cell Anemia for adults it reduces the frequency of painful crises and may reduce the need for blood transfusions. When one experience crises, it can be helpful to have supplemental oxygen, whic h provides extra oxygen and help breathing easier. Doctors and scientists still in the lab to experiment some more possible cure for Sickle Cell Anemia patients, hopefully they will be successful in finding a complete ure. Sickle Cell Anemia is a serious lifelong disease. It is hard to live with it, and it is just as hard to live with a loved one that has Sickle Cell Anemia.The Health Education Research of Oxford diary has done a study on experiences who have children with Sickle Cells in Western Nigeria Financial render and disease factors were met with confrontation, while family sources of stress were either complained about, accepted or avoided. (Olley, Lydia) Oxford Journal also mentioned that less enlightened family members (especially the mothers) get in more stress than others Higherlevels of stress were associated with less educated and older women (Olley, Lydia). Hopefully in the near future, there will be more education, counseling about Sickle Cell Anemia to everyone , so we can take care of the patients better, and bring better attitude and hope toward them, because I believe they need that the most especially from a family member.Sickle Cell AnemiaSickle cell anemia is a blood indisposition that affects the 11th chromosome which is a hemoglobin gene. Hemoglobin is a protein located in red blood cells (RBCs) that carries oxygen through the body. This disorder is inherited from two parents with abnormal genes that are heterozygous (Rr). This means that both parents who have the trait may pass on the disorder to their offspring. The phenotype makeup is recessive. Those who inherit a normal copy of the chromosome 11 and a mutated chromosome will carry the trait, though would not visualize any symptoms. Normal red blood cells are soft and flexible to fit thought weeny vessels.Sickle cell anemia causes these blood cells to stiffen and curve, more or less like a crescent moon. The abnormal cells (erythrocytes) become stuck and block a narrow vess el which disables oxygen to pass through and causes pain and damage to organs. umpteen organs such as the liver and spleen become damaged due to lack of oxygen. When the spleen becomes damaged, patience will experience many infections. hurting is also caused by the sickle blood cells fitting caught in vessels called crises. Jaundice (yellowness to eyes and skin) can occur in babies due to liver damage. Sickle cell anemia can be diagnosed by a simple blood test, mostly to newborns.The blood test given to those who werent tested at birth is called the hemoglobin electrophoresis. It determines if you have the disease or is a carrier of the trait. It can be treated by blood transfusions from a donor with healthy blood cells, or a bone marrow transplant. slightly interesting facts are that normal blood cells can live up to 120 days, but sickle blood cells live up to 10 to 20 days. When the red blood cells are damaged, the body kills the red blood cells off which causes chronic anemia . African Americans are mostly change with this disease due to inter-marriage. in 12 African Americans have the trait and 1 in 500 actually have the disease. Also, Sickle cell anemia can be traced back to the Mediterranean and Middle East area. The humid, wet mood attracts mosquitos and the mosquitos transport malaria. Surprisingly, those with Sickle cell anemia are immune to malaria. The last interesting fact is that my mother is actually a carrier of the Sickle cell trait. My older sister and I werent affected of the trait because our father didnt carry any defected chromosome. Unfortunately, my little sister, Joy, is also a carrier of the trait even though her father isnt affected.Sickle Cell AnemiaSickle cell anemia is a blood disorder that affects the 11th chromosome which is a hemoglobin gene. Hemoglobin is a protein located in red blood cells (RBCs) that carries oxygen through the body. This disorder is inherited from two parents with abnormal genes that are heterozygous (Rr ). This means that both parents who have the trait may pass on the disorder to their offspring. The phenotype makeup is recessive. Those who inherit a normal copy of the chromosome 11 and a mutated chromosome will carry the trait, though would not show any symptoms. Normal red blood cells are soft and flexible to fit thought small vessels.Sickle cell anemia causes these blood cells to stiffen and curve, almost like a crescent moon. The abnormal cells (erythrocytes) become stuck and block a narrow vessel which disables oxygen to pass through and causes pain and damage to organs. Many organs such as the liver and spleen become damaged due to lack of oxygen. When the spleen becomes damaged, patience will experience many infections. Pain is also caused by the sickle blood cells becoming caught in vessels called crises. Jaundice (yellowness to eyes and skin) can occur in babies due to liver damage. Sickle cell anemia can be diagnosed by a simple blood test, mostly to newborns.The blood t est given to those who werent tested at birth is called the hemoglobin electrophoresis. It determines if you have the disease or is a carrier of the trait. It can be treated by blood transfusions from a donor with healthy blood cells, or a bone marrow transplant. Some interesting facts are that normal blood cells can live up to 120 days, but sickle blood cells live up to 10 to 20 days. When the red blood cells are damaged, the body kills the red blood cells off which causes chronic anemia. African Americans are mostly affected with this disease due to inter-marriage. in 12 African Americans have the trait and 1 in 500 actually have the disease. Also, Sickle cell anemia can be traced back to the Mediterranean and Middle East area. The humid, wet climate attracts mosquitos and the mosquitos transport malaria. Surprisingly, those with Sickle cell anemia are immune to malaria. The last interesting fact is that my mother is actually a carrier of the Sickle cell trait. My older sister and I werent affected of the trait because our father didnt carry any defected chromosome. Unfortunately, my little sister, Joy, is also a carrier of the trait even though her father isnt affected.